mildred_of_midgard: (Default)
[personal profile] mildred_of_midgard
Authors: [personal profile] selenak, [personal profile] cahn
Original discussion: https://cahn.dreamwidth.org/200007.html?thread=4252999#cmt4252999

[personal profile] selenak: So, at fail fandom anon, they have this "am I the asshole?" meme where a fictional (usually emotionally clueless) character asks this question in universe. I thought this was made for the Hohenzollern (and many of their social circle), so, here we go:

I, m34, was just trying to look out for my bratty younger sibling, m20 - there's this hot guy, total prick tease, whom the brat is swooning about. I might have said the guy has STD and made fun of his everything, and now the brat isn't talking to me anymore, when I was just being concerned for his health! AITA?

I, f55, always wanted the best for my children, especially when it came to their marriages. Now my oldest daughter looks at me as if I'm a madwoman just because I told her she should treat her new husband like her brother and not have sex with him so we can still annul this wretched marriage she should never have agreed to in the first place! She knows how much this means to me, and yet she betrayed me this way, she should be grateful I'm still talking to her at all! AITA?

I should have known this would happen, but: here I am, making some money on the side while providing heroic beta-reading services and writing my own stuff and defending an unfairly attacked guy against a shitstorm - and what happens? The guy who's been hitting on me for 16 years before I finally agreed to move in with him all of a sudden leads the shitstorm, attacks me while he's at it, burns my latest masterpiece and has me arrested while complaining to all our mutual friends that IATA!!!!!

[personal profile] cahn: Now my oldest daughter looks at me as if I'm a madwoman just because I told her she should treat her new husband like her brother and not have sex with him so we can still annul this wretched marriage she should never have agreed to in the first place!

omg, lol SD! I am going to say, YTABPAC, an acronym I just now made up that means "you're the asshole but possibly also crazy" :) Because when you put it like that...

As for your third one, he got some replies:
(just to be complete, for mildred:
ESH = "Everyone sucks here"
YTA = "You're the asshole"
NTA = "Not the asshole")

RandomRedditAddict
I can't help thinking there are a heck of a lot of missing reasons here. How is that you "should have known" this would happen? It's a little hard to say without more details, but I'm leaning ESH on this one.

MyActualNameIsGreaterThanThis
YTA. RRAddict's post above has a great point, missing reasons galore. Maybe you were really mean and annoying and made fun of this poor guy behind his back, whose only crime was thinking you were amazing?? And, like, are you kidding me, people don't just get arrested for NO REASON. I bet there was totally a reason, like maybe you STOLE his stuff!!

[personal profile] selenak: So here I, m, am, having a long term affair with the love of my life (m), procreating in my marriage (with f), having an affair with a bimbo (f) on the side, and mentoring this guy who has admittedly exciting future job prospects in my non existant spare time - and then that utter bastard first has sex with the bimbo, then, when I complain about it, dumps me as an mentor! I'll never get over it! His mother totally agrees with me, but the jerk still refuses to apologize - I don't need to ask whether AITA, because I know I'm not!

Here I, m64, was, enjoying my retirement as a PRIVATE CITIZEN, mentoring a few promising young people both in my state of residence and state of (former) employement, when it occured to me that takingon one more young fellow as a protegé might result in a general improvement of affairs for a great many people due to the kid's future job prospects. Now I was intensely familiar with people in his future line of work and let me tell you, most of these are jerks, with a lot of people suffering for it. His father was one of the worst. Any improvement there was enough of an incentive to lure me out of my retirement. Now I might have used a few questionable methods at first, but those prostitutes could use the money, so could various male friends in his social circle, and also, the competitition did the same thing. For a while, we seemed to hit it off and he expanded his intellectual horizon by listening to my reading tips, but unfortunately, the combination of other influences and an admittedly ill advised photobombing let to an enstragement. Well, at least I got a golden knob for a walking stick out of it, but when the kid, once on the job, immediately initiated a hostile takeover of the worst type, I couldn't help but wonder: could I have prevented this? was I the asshole there?

I, m, am a good looking career guy who used to be a in a steady relationship with someone in the same profession. Okay, my superior, but not the ultimate boss. (Could have had him, too, back in the day, if I'd wanted.) Now, maybe I was a bit high-handed when treating most of my s.o.'s hangers-on as the parasites they were, but I was just looking out for him! I mean, we've been through years of a high stress situation together, and now that's over, he's dumping me for some younger bit of fluff? Am I supposed to take that lying down?!!!! Of course I raised holy hell, I mean, who wouldn't, and okay, maybe hitting on his wife wasn't the best tactic, but I know he's been wanting to divorce her for eons. Anyway, the point is: I've been transferred to the back of beyond while the himbo got a gorgeous estate, and I still don't know how that happened. AITA?

I, m, really want everyone to be happy, and can't help it if many of them hit on me. I also want a steady job. Somehow, this evolved into a situation where this woman whom I had pay my travelling expenses thinks we'll live together while the guy in whose house I lived is having a fit because I had dinner with her on my last evening in town. But did either of them get me the job I wanted? They did not! So what's to complain about? AITA?

Some years ago I, m, and my long term companion, f, agreed to put our relationship on a non-sexual footing. AT the time, I thought it was a good idea, what with me being often ill and also way older. Since then, however, I discovered that I still can enjoy sex with a different woman. This doesn't impact on my relationship with my long-term companion, right? I mean, since we agreed to go platonic anyway, and I'm still as attracted as ever by her mind? It's just, there's this good looking younger guy hitting on her these days, and it looks like she's attracted to him, and I can't see that going anywhere good, so I said so, and we had an almighty row, especially after she found out about my other relationship. Okay, maybe I shouldn't have said "it's not like we're married" or "ditch the he-man, he's just after your money", but was that a reason for calling me a love rat and an overrated hack?!? AITA?

I, m41, am a loving family man with a strong work ethic and good Christian values. All I want is for my family to share those, especially my oldest son. To that end, I appointed him the best teachers, ensured he's always supervised and thus does not feel neglected, and spared him the awful stupid lessons I had to endure as a kid. Like Latin and ancient history. All I want in return is for him to be exactly like me, is this too much to ask? But no. He keeps grimacing when I'm around, ridicules all I hold dear, keeps lying to me, gets into debts and in general shows every sign of becoming the kind of lazy slob bound to ruin my life's work! So naturally I took counter measures. Some of them might have been drastic, like sending bad influences away and dragging him in front of two armies, but they were for his own good! Anyone could see that! And now the kid has humilated me in front of Europe by trying to run away, even conspiring with my own employes in order to do so. I might have overreacted when telling his mother he was dead, slapping his sister and telling him his mother doesn't care anymore, but I don't think so. It's just, my other kid, who's usually good as gold, now doesn't want to join my favourite profession anymore. AITA?

[personal profile] cahn:

DerAlteD
NTA. Kid should be more grateful. Maybe the problem is that he doesn't really see how much you do for him. I bet more family time would help, bring him to your nights out with the guys or whatever you do for fun. Or find him a nice girl! That's what he needs. Bonus is that your other kid will see all this and realize that the male authority figures really do know best.

pastorb
Depends on what you mean by "bad influences" -- I hope you're not trying to totally cut him off from his friends, that would be YTA territory for sure.

BearsAreNotTheAnswer
YTA. I just feel like if someone wants to run away, then that's your answer right there, you know?
selenak: (CourtierLehndorff)
[personal profile] selenak
First of all, authorship to this book is credit to the Earl of Ilchester and Mrs. Langford-Brooke, which I took to meaning the Earl provided a great many of the papers and Mrs. L-B did the actual writing. The preface details the convoluted fate of H-W's papers, and how, among other events, earlier attempts to write is biography or publish a collection of his poetry failed, the later because Southey, the poet entrusted with the task, flat out refused because of changed morality. To which I say: Southey, you had it coming. Partly because of this, I presume, our author(s) are at pains to emphasize how Sir Charles Hanbury-Williams was a man of his time, alright, but not really a coarse Georgian, and would that he had lived in better times. Hence no syphilis, no non-straight verses (though his insinuating comments on Fritz and Hervey are kept intact), and of the het verses, nothing explicit.

This said, it's a biography that uses a lot of primary material - not just Hanbury's own papers but the national archives (which for example the mid 19th century Mitchell editor and publisher Andrew Bisset also used) for all the diplomatic dispatches, and in this regard, it's a treasure trove. Most of the footnotes go to primary sources. On the downside, it doesn't feel like the author(s) consulted many non-British sources - I mainly noticed Poniatowski's and Catherine's memoirs -, but not much else, and nothing German, despite H-W's work in Dresden, Berlin, Vienna, and of course all the Hannover stuff. And even of the British contemporaries, non-complimentary takes on H-W are dismissed in footnotes or in the final chapter with two sentences, like when we're told Lady Mary Wortley-Montagu didn't have a high opinion of him, but as she was friends with his wife, she wouldn't have. (Love the argument, as opposed to "she was on the other side of a feud you even quoted a poem of his from, wherein not only Hervey but she get direclty attacked, and oh, yes, she was friends with Hervey much more intensely - the Algarotti triangle not withstanding - than she was with his wife.) It very much feels like an authorized biography written centuries after the fact.

Charles Hanbury-Williams: Youth and Soulmate )


Back to the 1920s hagioraphy: At any event, Wimmington's death is what ultimately pushes H-W into his envoy career later. But first Charles is a young man about town, and our authors are at pains to emphasize he was NOT a member of the Hellfire Club and did not participate in its orgies, he was a member of the Society of Dilettanti, which was a slightly more respectable frat boy union and future office holder network. He falls in love with Peg Woffington, the great actress of the day, but while accepting his suit she's also lovers with David Garrick, most famous actor of the day, and this leads to the anecdote where a jealous H-W accuses her of having seen Garrick only this morning, when she told him she hadn't seen Garrick for eons. Replies Peg: "And is not that an age ago?"

We've now reached the early 1740s, and the contortion of "don't say syphilis!" re: H-W's impending marital breakup is so great that I must quote:

The Illness that Dare Not Speak Its Name )

Simultanously to having his marriage explode, H-W bitches with the Foxes about Hervey.

We hates him, Precious! )

Charles Hanbury Williams gets into politics )

Execution of two Jacobite Lords )

First Posting: Anglo Among Saxons )

Second Posting: Meet the Hohenzollerns )

Interlude: The Mystery of Madame Brandt )

Back to H-W's Prussian adventures.

Avoiding Jacobite Exiles, Meeting Voltaire, Still Not Meeting Fritz )

Wilhelmine visits, and thus we get a H-W written portrait of her:

I never met with a woman so learnedly ignorant )

And now for the big letterly explosion. Our biographer tells us this rant on why Fritz sucks, sucks, sucks, is so "outspoken as to be partly unpublishable", because clearly he agrees with Georg Schnath on the tender sensibilities of 1920s readers. Still, what we get is:

The completest Tyrant that God ever sent for a scourge )

Fatherly Advice Interlude )


After a brief second Saxon interlude, H-W gets posted to Vienna because London is under the impression the current envoy, Robert Keith, isn't tough enough on MT. As mentioned elsewhere, H-W was that rarity, an envoy who succeeded in making himself unpopular in Vienna and Berlin to the same degree. As with Fritz, he came with an already formed opinion, slightly revised it upon being received by FS & MT (as opposed to Fritz, they received him quickly), and then went back into critique.

Charles Hanbury-Williams Tells It All: Habsburg Edition )

So no, that diplomatic posting isn't a roaring success, either. Exit Charles Hanbury-Williams. Russia awaits!

Russian Prelude, more fatherly advice )

Meeting Catherine The Not Yet Great: Diplomatic Success at Last! )

Corresponding With Catherine )

Saying goodbye to Poniatowski and Catherine )

H-W's journey back is described including a mental breakdown in Hamburg. Again, no mention of syphilis. Instead, we leanr that vulnerable Sir Charles manages to attract an enterprising adventuress named Julie John or Johnes who manages, after three days of acquaintance, to extract a marriage pledge and a grant of 10,000 roobles. She will actually show up in England later waving the marriage pledge at his family and will have to be paid off. Says the book: Whether from noxious drugs or from more natural causes, Sir Charles became completely deranged during those days in Hamburg.

Aaand he's off, with another member of the Marwitz clan as escort. He's not locked up in the proverbial attic in England but cared for in a nice house, and his daughters visit, which he reports in a short letter showing he can pull himself together that much. But basically, it's the end for Charles Hanbury-Williams.

Charles Hanbury-Williams: The Rebuttal )
mildred_of_midgard: Émilie Du Châtelet reading a book (Émilie)
[personal profile] mildred_of_midgard
Author: [personal profile] selenak
Original discussion: https://cahn.dreamwidth.org/207398.html?thread=4584742#cmt4584742

This time, the saga of Sophie of Hannover, née Sophie of the Palatine, which contains a lot of marriages and dead people. I shall not include a who is who at the start in order to make it a little salon quiz:

❄️🏰👑🤴🏻🤶🏻
🗺 ⚔️ 🩸
🧳 🤴🏻 🤶🏻
🤶🏻🤴🏻: 👶🏻 ✖️12
🤴🏻:⚰️
🤶🏻: 🖤
👩🏻‍🦱: 👣
👥👋🏻
🧔‍♂️ :💍👩🏻‍🦱
👩🏻‍🦱:✔️
🧔‍♂️:🤔💃🏻
🧔‍♂️:🔙💍🔜🧔🏻
🧔🏻:💍👩🏻‍🦱❓
👩🏻‍🦱:😏📜❗️
👩🏻‍🦱🧔🏻🧔‍♂️:📜
👩🏻‍🦱🧔🏻:🪢
👩🏻‍🦱:✍️🌿🔭👶🏻
🧔‍♂️💃🏻:👶🏻
👩🏻‍🦱🧔🏻:😒
🇬🇧🔎🐣
🇬🇧👁👩🏻‍🦱
👩🏻‍🦱:😎
👩🏻‍🦱👩🏻‍🎓:🧳🏰⚜️
👩🏻‍🦱🧔🏻:🙅🏻‍♀️➕🤦‍♂️🟰📜
🙅🏻‍♀️🤦‍♂️💍:🤮
👩🏻‍🎓:💍🧙🏻‍♂️🦅
🧙🏻‍♂️:🦅 🎗🎉👑
👩🏻‍🎓: 👨🏻‍🏫🔬📚🧮🏰
🙅🏻‍♀️😍🕺🏻
🕺🏻:⚰️
🤦‍♂️:🔗🗝🙅🏻‍♀️
👩🏻‍🦱:🤦🏻‍♀️
👩🏻‍🎓:⚰️
👩🏻‍🦱🧙🏻‍♂️:😭
👩🏻‍🦱:🔜🇬🇧❓
👸:❌👩🏻‍🦱🤦‍♂️❗️
👩🏻‍🦱:🙄🥱
👩🏻‍🦱💡:🧟‍♂️🧟💍
👩🏻‍🦱:🏞⛈⚰️
🇬🇧:👑🤦‍♂️
mildred_of_midgard: (Default)
[personal profile] mildred_of_midgard
This exchange happened:

[personal profile] selenak: none of the three younger boys seems to have shown the initial dislike to the military education Fritz had

[personal profile] felis: Do we have an earliest mention of Fritz' dislike, i.e. what "initial" means?

[personal profile] selenak: I'll leave it to Mildred to come up with an exact date, because she's way better with numbers, but the way I recall it, the timeline is like this:

Toddler Fritz (in the stage Pesne painted him and Wilhelmine): likes military playthings and drums. Anecdotally rejects Wilhelmine's girly playthings in their favor, though I've always suspected that story was made up. All good.

Child Fritz: starts to get actual military training after being transferred out of his mother's household. Signs of exhaustion. FW starts to worry about manliness.

[personal profile] mildred_of_midgard: Not exact, but see the last part of https://cahn.dreamwidth.org/183223.html?thread=3199415#cmt3199415 (the repeated mentions of Fritz trying to prove that he totally isn't a coward anymore, starting when he is four whole years old.)

[personal profile] felis: For the toddler stage, I mostly have SD's letters for context, and she certainly keeps mentioning how interested he is in military things and how much fun he's having playing soldier, but of course she has every reason to not tell FW anything else. I see Mildred linked to my comment about said letters, which included the fact that (SD says) Fritz was trying to prove that he wasn't a coward starting age four, but I didn't really take that as a comment on Fritz' like or dislike of military things (and FW calling him one because he didn't take to them), more along the lines of Fritz being a rather cautious and timid kid in general, with the interest in toy canons and playing soldier as a way for SD to reassure FW that he's growing out of it.

*some time later*

[profile] mildred_of_milgard: Because I was on hiatus, I couldn't clarify what I meant, which was: I've read in biographies that Fritz was specifically afraid of gunfire as a child. If SD is reporting that he's playing with cannons to prove that he's not a coward any more at the age of 4, I took that to be related to his fear of gunfire.

Granted, I haven't been able to track this claim down to a primary source. So it's not quite evidence that the father/son conflicts over military matters began this early. But it's possible. And it's what I was getting at.

Tracking down the claim in Blanning led me to a 2-volume 1996 publication on the Hohenzollerns by Neugebauer, which unfortunately neither gives a direct quote nor cites its source re young Fritz being afraid of gunfire, though it *seems* to date it to about 1718 (and places it in the context of the hunt).

If anyone does know of or should come across better evidence for this claim, I would be interested.

felis cites the evidence )

What does 'joli' mean, anyway? )

Charming addendum:

[personal profile] mildred_of_midgard: I bet AW, future lover of fireworks, got off on the right foot with Dad by liking loud noises and explosions at the age of 2-3.

[personal profile] felis: Yup! Fritz and Wilhelmine on the other hand got a little grotto with a basin full of fish in July 1715 and they both liked it so much that they didn't want to go to bed: Fritz and Wilhelmine went outside to entertain themselves yesterday; in the middle of the table there was a grotto with jets of water and a basin, where there were small, alive fish which swam; they found it so beautiful that they did not want to get up and go to bed. <333
selenak: (Wilhelmine)
[personal profile] selenak
This is an essay in an interdisciplinary anthology on the subject of violence and language from the (German) middle ages to the early modern age. As opposed to a great many of the documents we'read, it's primarily a literary analysis and argumentation, though the historical perspective comes into it as well, of course. But what this isn't, for example, is a compare and contrast between Wilhelmine's memoirs and various other descriptions of the same events, let alone an attempt to figure out what "really" happened. It is an astute analysis of how violence of different types is presented in the text, how the different kinds of violence are tied to emotion, and the cathartic experience of the writing act. Jarzebowski doesn't argue with other interpretations, though she is a bit sarcastic in the footnotes, as in: Older historians aren't free of prejudice twoards the memoirs of the sister of their victorious King. (She lists Droysen and von Ranke.) Carlyle judges the memoirs specifically in regards to their female authorship: "A human book, however, not a pedant one; there is a most shrill female soul busy with intense earnestness there. (...) It is full of istakes, indeed, and exaggarates dreadfully, in its shrill female way."

The text excerpts Jarzebowski analyses - using Annette Kolb's translation into German, which is the one currently available in paperback and in print still and based on the longest version of the Memoirs -you're all already familiar with: physical abuse by Leti, humiliation by third parties (such as having repeatedly to strip for visiting ladies from Hannover to prove she doesn't have a hunchback), verbal abuse by FW and SD, food withdrawal or bad food, drinking enforcement (I had forgotten this happens to Wilhelmine as well at one point!), isolation as punishment, and, in tandem with 18th century beliefs, various physical illnessses as the result of verbal abuse. J. points out the structure and repeated cycles typical for the Memoirs:

Verbal abuse (insults like "English canaille" or "villain of a Fritz") => physical trespasses and encroachment (i.e. for example being forced to eat or drink) => humiliationg situations (being forced to vomit, being forced to show your naked back to visitors) => threats of physical violence => attempted physical violence, which if unsuccessful (beause, say, Wilhelmine is able to avoid the stick) of which triggers more verbal abuse => physical breakdown and illness on Wilhelmine's part.

J. points out while Wilhelmine describes these cycles for both herself and Fritz, she differentiates in one key regard. For Fritz, FW actually beating him (and in front of witnesses) is crossing a line that triggers, though the underlying causes are already multiple, the escape plans becoming serious. Fritz (in Wilhelmine's memoirs; remember, this is a textual analysis) thus sees physical violence by Dad against himself as different in quality from the previous forms of violence. Whereas, J. argues, Wilhelmine does not make this differentiation. When FW succesfully hits her (i.e. in the big August return scene), this isn't presented as worse than his previous verbal abuse or the various humiliations. It's all part of the same and she responds the same. Conversely, SD not becoming physically abusive isn't presented as better, once Wilhelmine has accepted the Bayreuth marriage and SD starts with the insults in earnest.

J. also positions that while Wilhelmine as narrator has no problem describing the physical violence of Leti the governess towards herself as wrong in as many words, even there there are mixed feelings (child!Wilhelmine asks FW not to send Leti to Spandau), and of course there are in a hopeless mess re: her parents, with narrator!Wilhelmine insisting they loved her, and she loved them, and sometimes they even loved her best (yet she never provides examples for those times). Of particular interest to me was J. pointing towards two particular scenes featuring Wilhelmine's sisters. When Friederike gets married first, she gives FW attitude for the bad food etc. (remember, this triggers FW throwing plates but not at Friederike but at Fritz and Wilhemine.) And during Wilhelmine's 32/33 visit, she has this dialogue with Charlotte, after stating Charlotte badmouthed her to SD: One day, when (SD) had maltreated me again and I cried in a corner of my room, (Charlotte) adressed me: "What's the matter with you?" "I'm desperate", I said, "because the Queen can't stand me anymore; and if this continues, I'll die of grief." Charlotte then replies: "How silly you are! (...) I only laugh when she scolds, and that's the best way to handle it." "Then you don't love her," I said, "for if one loves someone, one can't be indifferent to their opinion."

J. deduces mixed feelings from narrator Wilhelmine - on the one hand, there's (barely concealed) envy for the more distant relationship the younger sibs have towards their parents, on the other, there's the need to believe that this is solely possible because they love (and are loved) less, that the sisters have given up the ability to love in order to achieve this immunity.

Quote from the end of the essay: Thus it is possible to talk of a context of emotional violence in which Wilhelmine places her experiences for the most part, and which she submits her perception of her experiences to. The atmosphere of emotional violence becomes the dominating horizon of experience in the Memoirs. Thus, Wilhelmine's Memoirs become a perspective speficially tied to her status and critical of it at the same time. Her experiences of violence happen at different places and are transformed in various stages of remembrance until finding their final form in the Memoirs, the reliving, the alteration, the reordering, and thus don't render a final result but the process of reliving the past itself. Her text shows that she's conscious of the changeability of memories and experiences while writing them. To insist on analysing it for a definite singular statement or to read the text for finate statements would mean to ignore a key quality of the partly contradictory, heterogenous and argumentative text. Her Memoirs can be understood as an attempt to render an atmosphere of emotional violence which she perceived as inescapable, with experiences and memories becoming condensed. The text of the Memoirs thus can be understood as another arena in which said violence is (re)experienced.
selenak: (Wilhelmine und Folichon)
[personal profile] selenak
I.e. family letters between Sophia of Hanover, most enterprising of great grandmothers, her daughter Sophie Charlotte, the first Queen of Prussia, her son-in-law Friedrich I., first King, her grandson Friedrich Wilhelm (aka Tiny Terror FW, not yet graduated to paternal horrow show FW), and grand daughter Sophia Dorothea.


First, some notes on the edition, preface and person of the editor. Georg Schnath thinks Sophie's baroque frankness is just too coarse for the Roaring Twenties )

So much for the editor and the edition. Now to the content.

The letters summarized by yours truly )


And now have some actual quotes:

Why cousin James won't be King for much longer, and young FW's (lack of) education is revealed )

Tiny Terror FW was nine at the time. Take your pick as to whom to believe. When SC dies in February 1705, F1 and Sophie write to each other almost daily trying to comfort each other.

Sophie also adds: The one thing I will ask most humbly from your Majesty is that I'll be allowed to embrace the dear Crown Prince here again after a while, for he is all that is left of the blessed Queen. And in a letter two days later: I will always seek in your Majesty and the dear Crown Prince what I have lost so painfully and unexpecdetly and what will never leave my heart. However, yet two days later there's a little push there amidst the affection and sorrow, for: Her late Majesty's thought and concern was always that the Crown Prince, as virtuously and well he's been raised, should practice writing somewhat more, which he can learn best of your Majesty as your Majesty excels in it.

Yet three days after that, February 28th 1705, we get our canon on teenage FW's romantic affections for Caroline, future Queen of England, which means I apologize to Klepper and Morgenstern for believing they led their romantic imagination carry them away on this subject:

FW: Teenager in love? )

1705 was a year of horrors for F1, since in December, his daughter from his first marriage, who had married the Prince of Hesse-Kassel, dies the day before Christmas. In the next spring, an alchemist promising to have the secret of gold making shows up in Berlin, leading young FW to sensibly comment to Granny that if a man could make gold, surely he wouldn't have to live on the road trying to win the favor of princes, and why people who shall be Dad don't get that is a mystery to him. In the summer, F1 and FW of 1706 come to Hannover again to visit Sophie, and she uses the opportunity to propose her alternate match for young FW, which is, of course, SD.

A marriage made in... Hannover )

SD and FW, the early years (as reported to their grandmother) )

Future G2 gets to be with Marlborough at Oudenarde, while FW, now that the baby is dead, is clung extra hard to by fretting F1. This does not make FW happy.

Young FW wants to join the war effort but becomes a topic of gossip in Versailles instead )

On to reveals of FW/SD early married life. Now, en route to the front FW will pass through Hannover and visit Grandma.

Does it make sense to love one's husband? )

[personal profile] felis contributes quotes from the simultaneous early marriage correspondence between SD and FW:

I have nothing to reproach myself with )
selenak: (Porthos by Chatona)
[personal profile] selenak
Samuel Jacob Morgenstern's Über Friedrich Wilhelm I. was published postumously in 1793. He died in 1785, one year before Fritz, and it's not entirely clear when this memoir was written, but Richard Leineweber, who wrote his doctoral thesis about Morgenstern and this FW biography, narrowed it down to not earlier than 1766 and not later than 1782, due to various references in the text. More about this later. Morgenstern had a very interesting life, about which more below in the review of Leineweber's doctoral work; the preface to Morgenstern's biopgrahy by an anoymous editor yet to be identified touches on that, but manages to get most of it wrong, including the date of Morgenstern's journey to England, which the preface puts in the year 1739, and the reason for the journey, which the preface declares to have been making peace between a Prussia and Britain on the brink of war. (They weren't, not then.) The preface concludes that in his private life, Morgenstern distinguished himself by being a miser, stubborn, a cynic and through some excentricities as well as through considerable scholarly knowledge, and that one could add some well known anecdotes about him but won't because de mortuis nihil nisi bene. After this introduction, and given the key fact that Morgenstern was a successor to the unfortunate Jacob Paul Gundling (i.e. originally a scholar, hired by FW and treated as a court fool during the last four years of FW's life), you'd expect something critical. On the face of it, you'd be wrong. Leineweber has a fascinating theory about that, which he backs up, but first, my original impressions.


FW: Misunderstood soul with a love tragically lost along with a crown, both to the same man )

It's the parents' fault! )

What FW looked for in a friend )

Why FW wasn't cruel )

Now, at this point I thought I had Morgenstern's number, but he will surprise us, gentle readers, somewhat later, and massively so.

Keep also in mind Morgenstern only knew FW during the last four years of his life, too. Everything else he describes, he describes from hearsay. But what he writes about FW's daily routine and personnel in his last years, for example, I guess we can take at face value, and since it's the obvious model and yet a contrast to Fritz' daily routine, here you go:

Days in the Life of FW )

And now we get to the surprise, i.e. where Morgenstern suddenly sounds... downright FW critical. Which made me wonder about my original estimation, because the following passage is anything but hagiographic:

Attend the Tale of Gundling )


FW as a father and some trivia )

Having finished the biography, I was in two minds; if it was simply meant as a hagiography, why then more than enough material for the FW prosecution along with all the praise, sometimes directly contradicting the praise? Mildred then discovered the estimable Richard Leineweber, whose dissertation proved to be quite illuminating. Starting with the biographical background on Morgenstern.

The Life and Times of Jacob Samuel Morgenstern )

Leineweber's critique of the FW biography as biography )

So: FW hagiography or subversive FW critique? Both, says Leineweber.
selenak: (Wilhelmine)
[personal profile] selenak
This is the tv version of a 19th century play; the original title of the play was “Zopf und Schwert”, “Tail and Sword”, the title of the tv movie is is “The Prussian Marriage”, “Die Preußische Heirat”. There are several interesting things about it, to which historical fidelity definitely doesn’t belong. The director was the great Helmut Käutner, who is responsible for several deserved German classics, some of the best 20th century German movies; I can only assume he was short of cash and needed the money in this case. The playwright was Karl Gutzkow, who was one of the rebellious 19th century Prussian folk ending up in exile. He had a very strict ultra religious Prussian Dad and a nervous breakdown from which he recuperated in Bayreuth, so I could see how he would empathize with Wilhelmine. Unfortunately, his empathy doesn’t express itself by writing her as a character with traits beyond “ingenue love interest”. And the story itself is, err, basically the Disney movie we joked about. Here’s a summary for you. Excuse the occasional Terminator jokes, but I couldn’t resist.

Read more... )
mildred_of_midgard: (Default)
[personal profile] mildred_of_midgard
Author: [personal profile] selenak
Original discussion: https://cahn.dreamwidth.org/183223.html?thread=3138999#cmt3138999
Relevant background info: https://rheinsberg.dreamwidth.org/36463.html, https://rheinsberg.dreamwidth.org/35210.html, https://rheinsberg.dreamwidth.org/46114.html

[personal profile] selenak: Here are some more ideas for unsent letters, both serious and cracky: G2's challenging FW to personal combat, and FW's equally unsent and/or confiscated reply;

[personal profile] mildred_of_midgard: I also admit that the G2-FW exchange especially jumps out at me as something that has the potential to be amaaaaaazing. Would read! Would so read!

[personal profile] selenak: You would, would you? Well....

🧔🏻 George II, King of England, Prince Elector of Hannover
🧟‍♂️ Friedrich Wilhelm, King in Prussia
👩🏼‍🦱 Caroline of Ansbach, Queen of England
🧟‍♀️ Sophia Dorothea of Hannover, Queen in Prussia
🍾 Grumbkow, advisor to FW
🧑🏻‍🎤 Lord Hervey, Caroline’s Chamberlain

🧔🏻: 🇬🇧 👑😎👅
🧟‍♂️: 💂🏻‍♀️💂💂🏻‍♂️👅
🧔🏻: 😤
🧟‍♂️: 🦅💯🇬🇧 💩
🧔🏻: 🤬 📩⚔️❗️
👩🏼‍🦱 🧟‍♀️: ❓⁉️
🧟‍♂️: ❗️💪🏻 📩
🍾: 🤯
🧑🏻‍🎤: 🇩🇪 🔛🤮
🧟‍♀️: 👑 👶🏻🤩
👩🏼‍🦱: 👑 👶🏻 😡
🍾: 🤔💂🏻‍♂️🐖🏹🍺💝
🧑🏻‍🎤: 😏 🙌🏻
👩🏼‍🦱: 💋🫕 🎻
🧟‍♂️: 😴
🧔🏻: 😴
👩🏼‍🦱 🍾 🧑🏻‍🎤: 👍
🧟‍♀️: 😒
selenak: (Hurt!Doctor by milly-gal)
[personal profile] selenak
Jochen Klepper's novel Der Vater is hands down one of the most famous and original German 20th century novels dealing with Prussian history, and also the one designed to get Fredericians protesting, as it is 900 plus pages of FW as the tragic hero of the tale. (SD is the villain.) Incidentally, the first time I read this novel I was still in school, and it was in a severely abriged version, only about 300 pages which centred on the father/son drama. At a guess, that edition existed because some post war publisher figured that the Fritz of it was why most readers were interested in FW. It wasn't until last year that I came across the complete, uncut version, which I read; this was also the first time I read Klepper
since aquiring enough historical knowledge to judge how Klepper works with or around the facts. With the caveat: what facts and research he had access to, writing in the 1930s in Nazi Germany as an harrassed Protestant theologian and writer with a Jewish wife and daughter who would end up committing suicide with them not rather than see them taken away to camps not too long after Der Vater became his success against the odds. I know a novel should speak for itself, but this biographical background of Klepper's is worth keeping in mind when looking at his characterisation of FW, why FW as a character spoke to him - keep in mind that the Third Reich had simultanously a cult of genius leader figures going, of which their distorted image of Friedrich II. was one; Klepper's FW is very much a counterpoint and antithesis to this, among other things. Klepper also had a strict pastor as a father himself, whom he was in conflict with, and trying to understand FW went hand in hand with trying to understand his father. Last not least, there was his own religious struggle to understand why God let the horror around him happen. After the war ended, Klepper's sister Hildegard gave his diary to the Allied trial against Adolf Eichmann where it was used evidence (in session 51).

So much for the author. On to the novel itself.

Some impressions: the 900 plus pages version is still immensely readable if you like well written 1920s/1930s style historical novels, which I do (by which I mean the language and psychology is of that time as much as it's rokoko when directly quoting from documents), and I can see from this version, as I could not from the 300 pages one, why so many literary historians say about Klepper's FW is that he's supposed to be a counter image to Hitler and Franco, the good, morally responsible ruler (despite being also a tragic human being) who reforms his country out of bankruptcy and despite his military fetish keeps it out of war. Klepper makes much of the lesson young FW draws from participating in the battle of Malplaquet in 1709, which was the bloodiest, most devasting European battle (as a part of the Spanish War of Succession - essentially, think old Louis XIV against the rest of Europe) of that century until the 7 Years War, which was on the one hand celebrating the anniversary with fellow veterans like Grumbkow and Seckendorff every year but on the other doing his best to ensure something like this does not happen again within his life time, at least not involving Prussian/Brandenburg armies.

Unsurprisingly, Klepper is good with FW's religious struggles throughout his life. If you do know more history, however, it's noticeable that he goes out of his way to mitigate FW's abusive streak (for which his behavior towards Fritz isn't the only example).

How Klepper deals with Gundling, Doris Ritter, and Katte )

Klepper's SD: Ron the Death Eater? )

Klepper's Wilhelmine: Hermione in a Harry/Draco story )

The FW/Fritz relationship: tragedy with a Grey Havens ending )

Klepper: must have read Gustav Volz )

On young FW falling in love with the future Queen of England )

On who deflowered FW )

Klepper's Fritz: Definitely Gay )

Overall: Klepper's FW is presented as tragic but essentially a good man with flaws, at in the end understood as such by his children, including the two oldest ones, with his painful death being written as both atonment (like I said, Katte's death isn't presented as necessary or justified by Prussian law, but strictly because FW has convinced himself he needs a replacement sacrifice for his oldest son to God, in which he's wrong) and martyrdom (FW dies as justified in the Lutherian sense). This is achieved by a lot of editing, hardly unusual for a historical novel, of course, but at least it is a novel, not a biography.
selenak: (Sanssouci)
[personal profile] selenak
Thanks to [personal profile] prinzsorgenfrei, I watched the musical Friedrich: Mythos und Tragödie, of which I previously knew some of the songs - the ones which are up at YouTube - but not all, and had read a summary in German.

A spoilery review for the musical ensues )

A second review of this musical by the musical far more astute than I [personal profile] cahn:

...why is Katte here? )
selenak: (Wilhelmine)
[personal profile] selenak
Continuing on the note of "contemporary envoy reports are a gold mine", we give you the 1728 - 1733 reports of Wilhelm Stratemann, envoy of the Duchy Braunschweig/Brunswick, whose employers would end up marrying three of their offspring to three of FW's children (Fritz marries Elisabeth Christine, AW marries Louise, Charlotte marries the next Duke of Brunswick), on the fateful years when Hohenzollern family life went from dysfunctional to death sentences for boyfriends and intermittent imprisonment for the oldest son and daughter, respectively. The way Stratemann spins this saga into the most wholesome FW praising account any envoy (including FW's pal Seckendorff, the Imperial envoy at the time) has given yet is something to behold. Furtherly, bear mind this edition of the reports, edited by one Richard Wolff, was published before World War One, which meant that Hohenzollern censorship still applied. This said, Stratemann, with his detailed focus on royal family stories and lack of access to hardcore secret political negotiations, does provide a treasure trove of what would later be called "human interest" stories and useful details on anything from how FW and family celebrated Christmas to the seating chart of Wilhelmine's wedding banquet.

So, who was Stratemann? )

But before getting to the Katte relevant reports, let's have some pre-escape attempt wholesome family life. As mentioned, Strateman got his political intel generally either via rumors or as crumbs from Seckendorff whom he tried to hang out with as often as he could, and thus it's frequently slightly or strongly off the mark. Otoh, he clearly did have a source among the staff in the royal household, whom I have identified based on several factors listed below as the governess of the Princess Sophie (and her two younger sisters, Ulrike and Amalie), and thus anything that happens with the kids is usually first hand. It is pronounced how he flings himself into these stories as opposed to reporting anything like that the other envoys (say, Suhm for Saxony or Dickens for Great Britain) report about the father/ oldest son or husband/wife clashes. So instead of stories about Fritz getting yelled at, you get stories about AW getting gifted with miniature canons and indulged in his love for fireworks. Until it really, really becomes unavoidable to report something else, what with a locked up Crown Prince.

A happy royal family and their shenanigans: 1728 till the escape attempt )

With this background, and no word on FW humiliating Fritz in front of the army at Zeithain, the fateful summer trip by father and son being used as an escape attempt comes completely out of the blue. As I mentioned earlier, Stratemann hasn't heard about it (or at least doesn't mention it) as late as August 18th, at which point all the other envoys know, and when he does report Katte's arrest, he doesn't mention Fritz by name as the reason of it. He keeps reporting through September and October that the father/son reconciliation is imminent, that FW if anything will lessen Katte's sentence, that all will be well. Then comes November with its execution, of which Stratemann suddenly has far better intel than he used to in matters Crown Prince and Katte. And he has a fascinating follow-up on this in the middle of his wholesome family anecdotes, as none other than little August Wilhelm has heard about Katte's demise.

Katte and the Consequences: The Disney Version )

So much fo Katte. Back to Hohenzollern family affairs.

How to celebrate Christmas and break your oldest daughter to your will )

On marrying your oldest daughter and son and the difficulties of replacing your court historian )

Aftermath: Crown Prince not blissfully happy after all? )

The rest of the dispatches has the news that Wilhelmine has written she's really happy with her new husband in Bayreuth, the Protestant religious refugees from Salzburg arrive, and then there's the sudden time jump of a year to 1733 when Fritz gets married. No more interesting stuff. But no matter; Stratemann certainly delivered before that.
selenak: (James Boswell)
[personal profile] selenak
Or, to give them their full title: "Memoirs of the Reign of George the Second, by John, Lord Hervey". Edited by the Honorable John Wilson Croker, a very Victorian gentleman. When reporting that Hervey's grandson censored the memoirs before entrusting them to family outsiders by removing, notoriously, the part dealing with the time between May 1730 and summer of 1732, i.e. anything covering the close relationship between Hervey and Frederick "Fritz", Prince of Wales before their falling out and Hervey vowing undying hatred, he adds that not only can he understand the grandson in question, he also sees it as his mission to protect us readers from too much Rokoko grossness and wishes only he could spare us more. A non-bowlderized edition of Hervey's memoirs does exist, but not copyright free, which is why we went for this one, after first Horowski in his "Das Europa der Könige" and then Halsband in his Hervey biography made me very curious indeed about the English Lehndorff. Sorry, I couldn't resist; actually a British author I recently read did refer to Lehndorff as "The Prussian Hervey, though without that lord's malice or style". Reading through two volumes of Hervey's memoirs, I could see their point. (Though really, no question as to which bisexual Queen's Chamberlain who is fixated on a prince I'd rather go out with...)

So: Hervey can coin a phrase, and is viciously hilarious. Alas for our purposes, he thinks G2's insistence of seeing himself as a German prince and being involved in German and continental politics is a waste of time at best and a danger to England at worst, involving the Brits in continental battles and always on the wrong side. (The Imperial one.) Hervey dies in the early 1740s, remember, so for him German = mostly the creaky old HRE and its politics. He hasn't got much time or attention for FW and Prussia, and of course the years 1730 - 32 are missing. But there are bits on the G2 & FW relationship, and what there is is hilarious. (It also tells us that if Fritz had ever made it to England, he would have had the weirdest sense of deja vu...)

That time when George II almost challenged Friedrich Wilhelm to single combat )

So much for the Prussians. I get to the next part of family feuding, a word about linguistics. Since the Hannovers are a part of German high nobility, they mostly talk to each other in French, and in German only if they don't want Hervey to understand them. (Hervey, like 99% of English people, does not speak German.) You may have gathered Hervey isn't much impressed with his German overlords, though he doesn't limit his not impressedness by royalty to the House of Hannover (or of Brandenburg). He thinks the lot of them are rubbish:

For my own part, I have the conduct of princes in so little veneration, that I believe they act yet oftener without design than other people, and are insensibly drawn into both good and bad situations without knowing how they came there. (...) I think most of these political contenders for profit and power are, like Catiline and Caesar, actuated by the same principles of ambition and interest, and that as their success determines their characters, so accident determines their success. Had Csesar fallen in the plains of Pharsalia, like Catiline in those of Pistoia, they had both been remembered in the same manner; the different fortune of those battles is what alone constitutes the different characters of these two men, and makes the one always mentioned as the first and the other as the last of mankind.

On the other hand, he's also fiercely ambitious, which means being tight with the PM, Sir Robert Walpole, having a court office and cultivating his ties with the rest of the royal family is important to him. The one he is a bit impressed with, though not uncritically so, is Queen Caroline.

The darling pleasure of her soul was power )

If Caroline is the sometimes shady but mostly impressive heroine of these memoirs, there's no question as to who's the villain, and no, it's not her husband. A quick reminder of the quintessential Fritz of Wales facts: when the rest of the family moved to Britain, he was seven and left in Hannover. He wouldn't see his parents or siblings again for the next fourteen years, during which time his parents had another son - the future "Billy the Butcher", William, Duke of Cumberland - and blatantly would have preferred that one to inherit. After G1 died, Fritz of Wales finally was allowed on British shore, befriended Hervey, Hervey signed his letters to the prince "your Hephaistion" (claiming the identity of Alexander the Great's bff and lover for himself) while Fritz of Wales compared them to Orestes and Pylades... and then they had a terrible breakup, after which Hervey and the rest of the royal family compete describing Fritz of Wales as the scum of humanity. So here's Hervey on the love rat, Fritz of Wales:

He was indeed as false as his capacity would allow him to be )

Before I get to the next point, I should mention that Hervey, whenever he shows up in his own tale as an acting character, writes of himself in the third person, i.e. "Lord Hervey did this" or "then Lord Hervey said to the Queen", etc. A la Caesar in the Gallic Wars. Confusingly, though, he also writes in the first person - i.e. "I heard this from Sir Robert directly" or "I was present when the King said this" etc. I'm not sure whether he wanted his readers to believe a third party - an unnamed historian - was writing these memoirs; after all, he knew they wouldn't and couldn't be published within his own life time, and probably not for some time hereafter. Or maybe it was just a stylistic device, understood by readers of the time; I'm not sure, since none of the other 18th Century memoirs I've read so far employ it. (Certainly not Voltaire's.)

Okay, onwards: G2 keeps irritating his English subjects with visiting Hannover, remember. On one such visit, his English mistress, Lady Suffolk, gets married again despite being in her 40s. G2 hears about it from Caroline via letter, drags out his time in Hannover, and comes back with a German (!) mistress, Madame Waldmoden, the ultimate insult. This causes Lord Hervey to muse thusly.

Why can't a German be more like a Brit? )

As the 1730s go on, relations between Fritz of Wales and his parents go from bad to worse. Hervey proves that modern day gossip columnists have nothing on him as he shares with his his estimation of various mistresses and the wife:

His nose and her ear were inseparable )

Now if you think only women who have sex with Fritz of Wales are the objects of Hervey's scorn, you're mistaken. He's just as malicious about the woman who would have married Fritz of Prussia if the endless negotiations had worked out, to wit, Princess Amalie (as her mother calls her) or Emily (as Hervey calls her). The only princess Hervey likes is Princess Caroline, but as for Amalia/Emily/Amalie:

Nobody knew her without disliking her )

But for all that Hervey doesn't like G2 and isn't much impressed with the extended family, Queen Caroline and Princess Caroline the younger aside, he drops the occasional oddly endearing anecdote as well, like the fox hunting dialogue. The Fritz of Wales bashing from him and everyone showing up in these memoirs, though, is absolutely relentless. Our Victorian editor just throws up his hands and says he has no idea just why both parents hated FoW so much even before he joined forces with the opposition and thus gave them cause, even before he arrived in England and was still a youngster in Hannover and according to visitors (including, btw, Hervey himself on his Grand Tour, writing letters home) an amiable, bright child with a lot of charm.

Queen Caroline: Fritz' popularity makes me vomit! )

The big climax of the memoirs and their finale are Queen Caroline's death and the immediate aftermath. Hervey ends his memoirs there, and like the essay says, for all that their title refers to the reign of George II, they should really be titled "reign of Caroline", for she is the central character in his narrative. She died a terrible death.

There never was a tale of greater woe )

And thus I wrap up my choice of quotes from the immensely entertaining memoirs of Lord Hervey, disser extraordinaire.
selenak: (VanGogh - Lefaym)
[personal profile] selenak
Aka the results of a week spent in the Mark Brandenburg, post the first. I'm putting these not in the order in which I saw them, but in chronological order as they relate to the timeline of our antihero and relations.


Dear old Wusterhausen: Aka The Hellhole )


On to Wust. Much as Wusterhausen today is called "Königs Wusterhausen" to differentiate it from other places bearing the name, Wust today is "Wust-Fischbeck", as there are other Wusts as well. This one was the family seat of the Katte clan, which is of course why I was there. You can read Mildred's guide here.

Limiting myself to some additional info and pictures, I give you:

Dead Kattes Galore: the Pictures )
selenak: (James Boswell)
[personal profile] selenak
When last I wrote about the Ha(n)nover cousins, I had only various dictionaries and the occasional aside in Prussian-centric biographies to go by. However, due to needing to check out the non-Prussian, non-Austrian perspectives on the period, I've been browsing through "Das Europa der Könige" by Leonhard Horowski. Who is tremendosly entertaining and fantastic with unexpected cross connections. For example: future arch schemer Grumbkow shows first up as a six years old child dancing (along with other courtier children) ballet at the wedding of Fritz' grandparents, F1 and Sophie Charlotte. Meanwhile, Fritz' mother, Sophia Dorothea, also shows up as a six years old some years later, at the same table with Grumbkow's future wife (same age); she (SD) was being entertained by her mother's soon to be murdered lover Köngsmarck who build a house of cards for her and future Mrs. Grumbkow . (We know this because there are two letters mentioning this, one by a lady in waiting and one by Königsmarck himself to SD the older.) And guess who was a direct descendant of Lord Hervey, the one in a triangle with Algarotti and Lady Mary? Nancy Mitford. (And thus of course also her sisters, Diana the fascist, Decca the Communist and Unity the Hitler-Groupie.)

But most memorably, I now know more of the Hannover cousins and their dysfunction.

Gorgeous and not so gorgeous Georgians )


Fritz of Prussia, to Mitchell: Am I glad my family is so normal and harmonious, compared to the Hannover cousins!
selenak: (M and Bond)
[personal profile] selenak
Of all the foreign diplomats serving at the court of Friedrich II., Andrew Mitchell certainly had the most exciting time of it. He started his time as the British envoy in the April of 1756, spent the entire Seven Years War in the field with Fritz - and occasionally with Heinrich -, and remained British envoy till his death in 1771 in Berlin, where he was buried in the Dorotheenstädter Kirche; Fritz attended his funeral, and a memorial bust of him in the church was paid for by Heinrich and some other friends. (Said church was reduced to rubble by the Allied bombing on November 22, 1943, and the area today is a park. Not to be confused with the Dorotheenstädter Friedhof.)

Mitchell's various dispatches, private letters and journals - one by his own hand, one dictated to his secretary - were edited and published in 1850 in two volumes by Andrew Bisset, about whom more below. Given how by now we've come across various memoirs which were either severely cut (Trenck, Thiebault) and even rewritten (Thiebault) in later editions, or memoirs which are better described as historical novels courtesy of the memoir writer (Catt), the questions "How reliable is Mitchell?" and "how reliable is Bisset?" as well as "what are their respective biases and agendas?" are important.

Andrew Bisset and the world of 1850 )

So much for the editor. On to Andrew Mitchell himself. His general reputation in other people's memoirs and diaries is a good one.

Lehndorff about Andrew Mitchell )

Mitchell is an Aberdeen Scot, friends especially with James Keith (who when he writes about his death he laments wasn't "always used" as well as he could have been), is also friends with Lord Auchinleck, father of James Boswell, and thus will be visited by Boswell when Boswell is on the Grand Tour. (See about the Boswell-Mitchell connection here.) In this context, he's described as " an Aberdeen Scotsman, creditable to his country, hardheaded, sagacious, sceptical of shows, but capable of recognising substances withal, and of standing loyal to them stubbornly if needful".

One big reason why I don't think Mitchell's papers were rewritten with hindsight, either by hismself before his death or by Bisset in 1850, is that they repeatedly feature him making judgments he later changes his mind about, whether about the French dominating the alliance against Fritz (they didn), or about the people he meets. This is a striking difference to memoirists like Catt who have themselves always be correct in their opinions from the get go. One case in point: Mitchell changing his opinion of Prince Heinrich around 180° during the course of the war.

Mitchell's Henry: from scum to hero )

Now, the main reason why we looked up Mitchell is that his 1757 journal contains an actual bona fide mention of Katte by Fritz, albeit a brief one, and a far more extensive description of the FW methods of child raising. Bearing in mind that the Katte story in Catt's memoirs has no counterpart in Catt's diary: would Mitchell have either made this up, or presented an account by someone else on Katte and Fritz' childhood as being said by Fritz? (Which Catt also did.)

Of course it's in Mitchell's interests to present himself as being in the confidence of the King to his superiors - that's an envoy's top goal. And it's important to note that the intermittent journals he writes aren't private journals in our sense, or like Lehndorff's diary; they are written so he can draw on them for his later dispatches home, and with the awareness that if pressed for time, he might just send the entire journal.. But I really doubt he would invent a Katte & Küstrin conversation for that purpose; mid 7 Years War, there are other concerns. Which means I do think what he quotes Fritz saying is indeed the horse's mouth. Further support for this is the phrasing. "He talked much of the obligations he had towards the Queen Mother, and of the affection he has for his sister the Margravine of Bayreuth, with whom he has been bred." (In the entry after SD's death news reach the camp.) If you remember, in his letters to Heinrich, Fritz keeps saying "I was brought up with her" or "think that I was born and raised with my sister of Bayreuth". Conclusion: Mitchell is quoting authentic Fritz.

The entire 1757 entry: Fritz about his childhood, Katte and Küstrin )

Mitchell recording frequently erronous predictions about what's going on with the enemy - both by Fritz and himself - also highlights how much Prussian and British intelligence through the 7 Years War was dictated by wishful thinking. And by understandable paranoia, as with Mitchell's side-eyeing Fritz' ongoing Voltaire correspondance.

Spy reports and Voltaire-addicted monarchs )

Not that Mitchell in general strikes one as gullible. A great example of Mitchell being a good judge of character and seeing through hyperbole in either direction is when he has his first chat with the Russian envoy post coup (that brings Catherine to power and deposes her husband Peter III), on August 6th, 1762, and writes:

Mitchell on Peter III, preceding current historians by more than 200 years )

Like everyone else who hung out with Fritz for longer, Andrew Mitchell also got treated to the King's literary efforts and asked for feedback. This was a potentially dicy situation ably solved :

Fritz as a writer, by Andrew Mitchell )

Mitchell's editor Bisset has his own early Victorian take on Frederick the Great's literary efforts:

Fritz as a writer, by Andrew Bisset )

Something else Mitchell changes his opinions about is the terrible price paid by the civilian population for the war. Early on, in 1756, Fritz invading Saxony is a bold strategic choice Mitchell is totally behind, even if he's a bit disturbed at the occasional plundering. By the end of 1760/ start of 1761, though, he's horrified by the way the Saxons are treated. (He's also horried that Fritz and Heinrich are at odds about this and in one of their "I'm not talking to you" stages and reports "I have laboured underhand with the Prussian Ministers here to bring about some reconciliation, but they have made no progress. They are well disposed, but timid." Mitchell, getting between Fritz and Heinrich must have been only slightly less uncomfortable than getting between FW and Fritz, so no surprise there.) Some choice quotes showing Mitchell the war reporter. The difference to early Mitchell accounts tonally resembles US reports on WWII vs US reports on Vietnam:

Apocalypse Now )

And if you think this implicit war time criticism of Fritz that goes with "abject flattery" is remarkable, wait for Mitchell in full critical mode post 7 Years War.

Hohenzollerns in peace time are a trial )
selenak: (James Boswell)
[personal profile] selenak
A primary source we've stumbled across recently is the "Journal Secrete" by the Baron of Seckendorff. Just to make things a bit more confusing for the Frederician scholar, journal writer Seckendorff, Imperial diplomat at the court of FW from 1734 - 1737, is not, I repeat, not identical with Friedrich Heinrich von Seckendorff, Field Marshal, Diplomat, previous imperial envoy and schemer extraordinaire at the Prussian Court in the later 1720s and up 1732. This more famous Seckendorff usually shows up in tandem with FW's war minister Grumbkow as a semi-villainous double act in Wilhelmine's memoirs, and in most early biographies from Fritz' pov. Seckendorff the younger, the journal writer, is his nephew, Christoph Ludwig von Seckendorff.

Not surprisingly given he's being an envoy at a court whose king once had threatened to hang another envoy, Seckendorff the younger often uses code names in his journal. (It's not paranoia when they're really after you.) Though they're usually none too subtle. Junior = Fritz. (Yes, really. It sounds anachronistic, but isn't.) Olympia = Queen Sophia Dorothea, his mother. Biberius = Grumbkow. "Le Diable", i.e. "The Devil" = Manteuffel, currently the Saxon envoy, also on the Austrian payroll and supposed to get close to Fritz and spy on him for the Iimperials. Orondates = Joseph Wenzel, Prince of Liechtenstein, curent official Imperial envoy in Berlin, and also current owner of that same Antinous statue Fritz will aquire later.

Language: the diary is written in a mixture between French and German, about two thirds French, one third German, sometimes switching between paragraphs and quotes. Fritz is usually quoted in French, his father in German. A typical untranslated diary entry reads thusly:

Fréderic Wartensleben me raconte des particularités de Potsdam. Der König ist gesund, sagt er, wünscht zu sterben und hernach wieder auf zustehen, um die Veränderung mit anzusehen. Alexandre veut parier sa tête, que Junior n'a pas donné commission à Lichtenstein, de m'éloigner d'ici. Der Kronprinz hält mich vor unconversabel.


(Attempted translation into English: "Friedrich Wartensleben told me of the Potsdam oddities. The King is healthy, he says, wishes to die and to resurrect, in order to get to watch the changes. Alexander wants to bet his head on Junior not having given Lichtenstein the comission to get rid of me. The crown prince doesn't consider me worthy of conversation.")

With these explanations made, onwards to Seckendorff the younger's intel on dysfunctional Prussian royalty. Manteuffel did manage to become a part of Fritz' social circle, and duly reported on him. According to the German editor of the Trier letter archive, Fritz was aware of this at least in the later 1730s. Whether or not he already was aware of it when he makes the following statements to the guy, I leave to you to judge. But on page 144,ff July 2nd 1736: Mantteuffel - le Diable - reports that Fritz after dinner after showing him "all the tendernesses imaginable", took him into his room afterwards and there confided in him about his family.

Fritz tells all: My parents, the siblings and me )

Seckendorff the Younger might not get overly chummy with Fritz himself, but he has other sources in addition to Manteuffel, and besides, the Hohenzollern are crazy enougoh that new stories write themselves nearly every day. While our diary writer has his own axe to grind (he doesn't seem to keen on his superior Liechtenstein). But what his boss in Vienna is most interested in is what the hell is going on with Fritz and his family. What kind of King will he be, if he ever makes it to the throne?

Liars trying to outfox liars, or: did FW expect Frederick the Great? )

Evidently, Mantteuffel got instructions to dig a little more into Junior's sex life. No, not that way. (We think?)

When Spys Play Marriage Counsellors )

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